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    July 01

    韋斯敏斯德的信仰告白‧改革宗‧歸正神學


    韋斯敏斯德的信仰告白

    《引言》

    自伊利沙白女王一世以來,英國聖公會成爲主教制,就是由女王直接委任主
    教治理地方教會,
    並在公共崇拜中遺傳許多天主教的禮儀,此舉引起許多改
    革的新教徒的不滿,這群忠于改革的人就是當時的清教徒。在1643年,查理
    士(Charles)當政之時(1625-1649),當時議院的議員以清教徒居多,他們
    期盼以清教徒改革原則重整英國教會,于是在韋斯敏斯德大教堂召開了一個
    大型的議會,與會人士有121位牧師,30位議院的議員,及8位列席的蘇格蘭
    代表。對于教會應采取的體制,人人看法不同,而以贊成長老制者居多;在
    神學的立場上,大家則一致認同加爾文的觀點,否定阿民念派及羅馬天主教

    經過三年的討論,議會于1646年12月完成了《韋斯敏斯德信條》,供日後議
    院及議會之用。信條的內容完整、精確、簡潔、平衡,每一個句子都經過小
    組的討論及公開的辯論,參與者陣容之堅強也屬罕見。信條于數個月後加入
    聖經的章節引證,是年六月得到議院的批准。

    雖然在英國此信條所獲得的公認只到1660年,但它深受清教徒的愛戴,在蘇
    格蘭也爲議會及議院所接納;後來隨著新大陸的移民而傳入北美洲,是在英
    、美的長老派及北美的公理會與浸信會中最具影響力之信條。

    此信條是加爾文神學,清教徒及聖經融合的結晶,共有三十三章,其特色有
    下列幾點:

    文中論述的次序爲聖經、上帝、世人、基督、拯救、教會及末世,成爲現代
    教義神學分段的先驅。

    開宗第一章的聖經論,華腓德(B.B. Warfield)稱之爲基督教中最完美的聖經
    論告白。

    預定論在此信條中展現成熟的風貌,平衡地教導了神的主權與人的自由。

    著重聖約神學,以此解釋在曆史中神與人的關系。

    確認清教徒所強調的得救的確知。


    轉貼自:中國基督教書刊

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